🦴 Scapula

Movements

1. Adduction
   1. Rhomboid Major
   2. Rhomboid Minor
   3. Trapezius (middle fibers)
   4. Secondary contributors: Trapezius (lower fibers), Latissimus Dorsi
2. Abduction
3. Depression
4. Elevation
5. Upward Rotation
6. Downward Rotation

✴️ Bony Landmarks

🤖 AI Generated

1. Spine of the Scapula
   • A prominent ridge running across the posterior surface of the scapula.
   • Separates the supraspinous fossa from the infraspinous fossa.
   • Ends laterally at the acromion process.
2. Acromion Process
   • A flat, bony projection at the lateral end of the spine.
   • Articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint.
3. Coracoid Process
   • A hook-like structure on the anterior aspect of the scapula.
   • Provides attachment for muscles such as the pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis, and short head of the biceps brachii.
4. Glenoid Cavity (Fossa)
   • A shallow depression that forms the socket for the head of the humerus.
   • Part of the glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint).
5. Supraspinous Fossa
   • A smooth concave area above the spine of the scapula.
   • Houses the supraspinatus muscle.
6. Infraspinous Fossa
   • A larger concave surface below the spine.
   • Houses the infraspinatus muscle.
7. Subscapular Fossa
   • A broad, shallow depression on the anterior surface of the scapula.
   • Serves as the attachment site for the subscapularis muscle.
8. Medial (Vertebral) Border
   • The long, thin edge closest to the spine.
   • Serves as an attachment for the rhomboid muscles and part of the serratus anterior.
9. Lateral (Axillary) Border
   • The edge closest to the armpit.
   • Provides attachment for the teres major and teres minor muscles.
10. Superior Border
    • The shortest border of the scapula, located near the neck.
    • Contains the suprascapular notch, which allows passage of the suprascapular nerve.
11. Inferior Angle
    • The lower tip of the scapula, where the medial and lateral borders meet.
    • Serves as an attachment point for the teres major muscle.
12. Superior Angle
    • The upper tip of the scapula, where the superior and medial borders meet.
    • Provides attachment for part of the levator scapulae muscle.
13. Suprascapular Notch
    • A small notch on the superior border.
    • Transmits the suprascapular nerve (covered by the superior transverse scapular ligament).

🖼️ Examples

References

• Scapula (Wikipedia)
• Goldfinger
  • p152 Scapula peeks out from the back.