There are numerous anatomical terms in medical texts, but not all are relevant to artistic anatomy. Since artists focus on superficial muscles and bones—those visible on the surface—only certain terms are necessary. Most of the time, artists only need to learn terminology related to the location of muscles, bones, and bony landmarks to effectively apply anatomical knowledge in their work.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anterior | Front |
| Dorsal | Relating to or situated near or on the back especially of an animal or of one of its parts (Merriam-Webster) |
| Inferior | Below |
| Insertion | Moves during action; see also Muscle Origin and Insertion |
| Lateral | Away from the middle |
| Medial | Toward the middle |
| Origin | Stationary during action; see also Muscle Origin and Insertion |
| Posterior | Back |
| Superior | Above |
| Ventral | Abdominal. Being or located near, on, or toward the lower surface of an animal (as a quadruped) opposite the back or dorsal surface. (Merriam-Webster) |