Gastrocnemius

Summary

Origins

• Medial condyle of the 🦴 femur
• Lateral condyle of the 🦴 femur

Insertions

• Posterior surface of the 🦴 calcaneus via the Achilles tendon

Actions

• Plantarflexes the ankle
• Flexes the knee
• Raises the heel during gait

The gastrocnemius, or calf muscle, is an important muscle for artists to understand because it gives the back of the lower leg its distinctive shape. Together with the Soleus, it forms the triceps surae. It’s made of two parts:

1. Medial head (inner side): Larger and extends lower.
2. Lateral head (outer side): Smaller and higher.

Key Features

• Shape: Creates the rounded calf. The medial head is more prominent, making the calves asymmetrical.
• Function: Stands out most when the foot is pointed down (like standing on tiptoe).
• Landmarks: Transitions into the thin Achilles tendon, which attaches to the heel.

Examples

References

• Gastrocnemius
• Gf
  • Gastrocnemius, 256–57