Table of Contents
Illustrations
Source: Wikipedia
Bony Landmarks
Anatomical Neck
The slight constriction immediately distal to the head, marking the site of the epiphyseal plate in development and serving as the attachment for the joint capsule.
Capitulum
A rounded eminence on the anterior, distal lateral humerus that articulates with the head of the 🦴 Radius.
Greater Tubercle
A large, lateral projection just distal to the head that provides attachment for the 💪 Supraspinatus, 💪 Infraspinatus, and 💪 Teres Minor muscles.
Head of the Humerus
The rounded, proximal articular surface that fits into the glenoid cavity of the 🦴 Scapula, forming the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Lateral Epicondyle
A smaller lateral projection that gives origin to the common extensor tendon (extensor-supinator muscles) and attachment for the radial collateral ligament.
Medial Epicondyle
A prominent projection on the distal medial side, providing origin for the common flexor tendon (flexor-pronator muscles) and attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow.
Nutrient (Oblique) Foramen
A small opening on the anteromedial shaft that allows nutrient vessels to enter the bone.
Radial (Spiral) Groove
A shallow groove running obliquely down the posterior shaft, transmitting the radial nerve and deep brachial artery.
Surgical Neck
The narrower region distal to the tubercles; a common fracture site.
Trochlea
A spool-shaped medial projection on the anterior distal humerus that articulates with the trochlear notch of the 🦴 Ulna.
Muscle Origins
Anterior shaft (distal half)
Infraglenoid Tubercle
- 💪 Triceps (long head)
Lateral epicondyle (common extensor origin)
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- 💪 Extensor Digitorum
- Extensor digiti minimi
- 💪 Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Supinator
Lateral supracondylar ridge
- 💪 Brachioradialis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
Medial epicondyle (common flexor origin)
- 💪 Pronator Teres (humeral head)
- 💪 Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Palmaris longus
- 💪 Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (humeral head)
- Flexor digitorum superficialis (humeral head)
Posterior shaft (radial groove region)
- 💪 Triceps (lateral and medial heads)
Muscle Insertions
Deltoid Tuberosity
Greater Tubercle
Intertubercular (Bicipital) Groove and Crests
- 💪 Latissimus Dorsi – floor
- 💪 Pectoralis Major – lateral lip
- 💪 Teres Major – medial lip
Lesser Tubercle
Medial Shaft of Humerus
Translations
Russian
- Radial (Spiral) Groove
- спиральная борозда
- Infraglenoid Tubercle
- подсуставной бугорок
- Deltoid Tuberosity
- дельтовидная бугристость
- Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
- латеральная надмыщелковая гребень
- Lesser Tubercle
- малый бугорок
- Medial Epicondyle
- медиальный надмыщелок
- Lateral Epicondyle
- латеральный надмыщелок
- Intertubercular (Bicipital) Groove
- межбугорковая борозда
- Greater Tubercle
- большой бугорок
French
- Lesser Tubercle
- tubercule mineur
- Infraglenoid Tubercle
- tubercule infraglénoïdal
- Medial Epicondyle
- épicondyle médial
- Greater Tubercle
- tubercule majeur
- Lateral Epicondyle
- épicondyle latéral
- Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
- crête supracondylienne latérale
- Deltoid Tuberosity
- tubérosité deltoïdienne
- Radial (Spiral) Groove
- gouttière radiale
- Intertubercular (Bicipital) Groove
- sillon intertuberculaire
Notes
💪 Subscapularis is the only 📓 Rotator Cuff muscle that inserts on the anterior surface of the humerus.