Illustrations
Source: Wikipedia
Bony Landmarks
Anatomical Neck #
The slight constriction immediately distal to the head, marking the site of the epiphyseal plate in development and serving as the attachment for the joint capsule.
Capitulum #
A rounded eminence on the anterior, distal lateral humerus that articulates with the head of the Radius.
Greater Tubercle #
A large, lateral projection just distal to the head that provides attachment for the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Teres Minor muscles.
Head of the Humerus #
The rounded, proximal articular surface that fits into the glenoid cavity of the Scapula, forming the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Lateral Epicondyle #
A smaller lateral projection that gives origin to the common extensor tendon (extensor-supinator muscles) and attachment for the radial collateral ligament.
Medial Epicondyle #
A prominent projection on the distal medial side, providing origin for the common flexor tendon (flexor-pronator muscles) and attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow.
Nutrient (Oblique) Foramen #
A small opening on the anteromedial shaft that allows nutrient vessels to enter the bone.
Radial (Spiral) Groove #
A shallow groove running obliquely down the posterior shaft, transmitting the radial nerve and deep brachial artery.
Surgical Neck #
The narrower region distal to the tubercles; a common fracture site.
Trochlea #
A spool-shaped medial projection on the anterior distal humerus that articulates with the trochlear notch of the Ulna.
Muscle Origins #
Anterior shaft (distal half)
Infraglenoid Tubercle
- Triceps (long head)
Lateral epicondyle (common extensor origin)
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor Digitorum
- Extensor digiti minimi
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Supinator
Lateral supracondylar ridge
- Brachioradialis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
Medial epicondyle (common flexor origin)
- Pronator Teres (humeral head)
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Palmaris longus
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (humeral head)
- Flexor digitorum superficialis (humeral head)
Posterior shaft (radial groove region)
- Triceps (lateral and medial heads)
Muscle Insertions #
Deltoid Tuberosity
Greater Tubercle
Intertubercular (Bicipital) Groove and Crests
- Latissimus Dorsi – floor
- Pectoralis Major – lateral lip
- Teres Major – medial lip
Lesser Tubercle
Medial Shaft of Humerus
Translations
French
- Lesser Tubercle
- tubercule mineur
- Infraglenoid Tubercle
- tubercule infraglénoïdal
- Medial Epicondyle
- épicondyle médial
- Greater Tubercle
- tubercule majeur
- Lateral Epicondyle
- épicondyle latéral
- Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
- crête supracondylienne latérale
- Deltoid Tuberosity
- tubérosité deltoïdienne
- Radial (Spiral) Groove
- gouttière radiale
- Intertubercular (Bicipital) Groove
- sillon intertuberculaire
Russian
- Radial (Spiral) Groove
- спиральная борозда
- Infraglenoid Tubercle
- подсуставной бугорок
- Deltoid Tuberosity
- дельтовидная бугристость
- Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
- латеральная надмыщелковая гребень
- Lesser Tubercle
- малый бугорок
- Medial Epicondyle
- медиальный надмыщелок
- Lateral Epicondyle
- латеральный надмыщелок
- Intertubercular (Bicipital) Groove
- межбугорковая борозда
- Greater Tubercle
- большой бугорок
Notes
Subscapularis is the only Rotator Cuff muscle that inserts on the anterior surface of the humerus.